A heat pump is an electrically powered system that transfers heat from one location to another, providing an energy-efficient solution for both heating and cooling. Rather than generating heat through combustion or resistance, heat pumps operate using a refrigeration cycle – comprising compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation – to move existing thermal energy. During colder months, the system extracts heat from the outdoor air, even at low temperatures, compresses it to raise its temperature, and releases it indoors to heat the space. In warmer months, the process is reversed: heat is removed from the indoor environment and expelled outdoors, providing cooling. This ability to deliver both heating and cooling from a single system makes heat pumps a key technology in modern, sustainable HVAC applications.